Which of the following lists the measured and specified properties of aggregate?

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Aggregates for asphalt are evaluated by a set of properties that directly affect pavement performance: gradation, shape and angularity, toughness, soundness, and cleanliness. Gradation, determined by sieve analysis, ensures the particle size distribution provides the right voids, workability, and stability in the mix. Shape and angularity describe how jagged or elongated the particles are, which influences how well they interlock and resist movement under traffic. Toughness measures resistance to crushing or fracturing during handling and in service, typically via abrasion or impact tests. Soundness assesses resistance to weathering and chemical attack, especially freeze-thaw durability. Cleanliness checks for the presence of deleterious fines or contaminants that could weaken the asphalt-aggregate bond or affect asphalt longevity.

Other options aren’t as central to aggregate specifications. Moisture content and porosity relate to mix preparation and compaction rather than the core properties specified for aggregate quality. Color and brightness are cosmetic, and thermal conductivity isn’t a standard performance requirement for asphalt aggregates.